Linux-Foundation CKS Exam Dumps

Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS)

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Linux-Foundation CKS Sample Questions

Given an existing Pod named test-web-pod running in the namespace test-system Edit the existing Role bound to the Pod's Service Account named sa-backend to only allow performing get operations on endpoints. Create a new Rolenamed test-system-role-2 in the namespace test-system, which can perform patch operations, on resources of type statefulsets. Create a new RoleBinding named test-system-role-2-binding binding the newly created Role to the Pod's ServiceAccount sa-backend.

Create a network policy named restrict-np to restrict to pod nginx-test running in namespace testing. Only allow the following Pods to connect to Pod nginx-test:- 1. pods in the namespace default 2.pods with label version:v1 in any namespace. Make sure to apply the network policy.

Create a Pod name Nginx-pod inside the namespace testing, Create a service for the Nginx-pod named nginx-svc, using the ingress of your choice, run the ingress on tls, secure port.

Create aRuntimeClass named gvisor-rc using the prepared runtime handler named runsc. Create a Pods of image Nginx in the Namespace server to run on the gVisor runtime class

A container image scanner is set up on the cluster. Given an incomplete configuration in the directory /etc/Kubernetes/confcontrol and a functional container image scanner with HTTPSendpoint https://acme.local.8081/image_policy 1. Enable the admission plugin. 2. Validate the control configuration and change it to implicit deny. Finally, test the configuration by deploying the pod having the image tag as the latest. 

You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command: [desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context dev A default-deny NetworkPolicy avoid to accidentally expose a Pod in a namespace that doesn't have any other NetworkPolicy defined. Task: Create a new default-deny NetworkPolicy named deny-network in the namespace test for all traffic of type Ingress + Egress The new NetworkPolicy must deny all Ingress + Egress traffic in the namespace test. Apply the newly created default-deny NetworkPolicy to all Pods running in namespace test. You can find a skeleton manifests file at /home/cert_masters/network-policy.yaml

On the Cluster worker node, enforce the prepared AppArmor profile #include<tunables/global> profile docker-nginx flags=(attach_disconnected,mediate_deleted) { #include<abstractions/base> network inet tcp, network inet udp, network inet icmp, deny network raw, deny network packet, file, umount, deny /bin/** wl, deny /boot/** wl, deny /dev/** wl, deny /etc/** wl, deny /home/** wl, deny /lib/** wl, deny /lib64/** wl, deny /media/** wl, deny /mnt/** wl, deny /opt/** wl, deny /proc/** wl, deny /root/** wl, deny /sbin/** wl, deny /srv/** wl, deny /tmp/** wl, deny /sys/** wl, deny /usr/** wl, audit /** w, /var/run/nginx.pid w, /usr/sbin/nginx ix, deny /bin/dash mrwklx, deny /bin/sh mrwklx, deny /usr/bin/top mrwklx, capability chown, capability dac_override, capability setuid, capability setgid, capability net_bind_service, deny @{PROC}/* w, # deny write for all files directly in /proc (not in a subdir) # deny write to files not in /proc/<number>/** or /proc/sys/** deny@{PROC}/{[^1-9],[^1-9][^0-9],[^1-9s][^0-9y][^0-9s],[^1-9][^0-9][^0-9][^0-9]*}/** w, deny @{PROC}/sys/[^k]** w, # deny /proc/sys except /proc/sys/k* (effectively /proc/sys/kernel) deny @{PROC}/sys/kernel/{?,??,[^s][^h][^m]**} w, # deny everything except shm* in /proc/sys/kernel/ deny @{PROC}/sysrq-trigger rwklx, deny @{PROC}/mem rwklx, deny @{PROC}/kmem rwklx, deny @{PROC}/kcore rwklx, deny mount, deny /sys/[^f]*/** wklx, deny /sys/f[^s]*/** wklx, deny /sys/fs/[^c]*/** wklx, deny /sys/fs/c[^g]*/** wklx, deny /sys/fs/cg[^r]*/** wklx, deny /sys/firmware/** rwklx, deny /sys/kernel/security/** rwklx, } Edit the prepared manifest file to include the AppArmor profile. apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name:apparmor-pod spec: containers: - name: apparmor-pod image: nginx Finally, apply the manifests files and create the Pod specified on it. Verify: Try to use command ping, top, sh

use the Trivy to scan the following images, 1. amazonlinux:1 2. k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.6 Look for images with HIGH or CRITICAL severity vulnerabilities and store theoutput of the same in /opt/trivy-vulnerable.txt

You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command: [desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context prod-account Context: A Role bound to a Pod's ServiceAccount grants overly permissive permissions. Complete the following tasks to reduce the set of permissions. Task: Given an existing Pod named web-pod running in the namespace database. 1. Edit the existing Role bound to the Pod's ServiceAccount test-sa to only allow performing get operations, only on resources of type Pods. 2. Create a new Role named test-role-2 in the namespace database, which only allows performing update operations, only on resources of type statuefulsets. 3. Create a new RoleBinding named test-role-2-bind binding the newly created Role to the Pod's ServiceAccount. Note: Don't delete the existing RoleBinding.

You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command: [desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context stage Context: A PodSecurityPolicy shall prevent the creation of privileged Pods in a specific namespace. Task: 1. Create a new PodSecurityPolcy named deny-policy, which prevents the creation of privileged Pods. 2. Create a new ClusterRole name deny-access-role, which uses the newly created PodSecurityPolicy deny-policy. 3. Create a new ServiceAccount named psd-denial-sa in the existing namespace development. Finally, create a new ClusterRoleBindind named restrict-access-bind, which binds the newly created ClusterRole deny-access-role to the newly created ServiceAccount pspdenial-sa

A container image scanner is set up on the cluster.Given an incomplete configuration in thedirectory/etc/kubernetes/confcontrol and a functional container image scanner with HTTPS endpointhttps://test-server.local.8081/image_policy1. Enable the admission plugin.2. Validate the control configuration and change it to implicit deny.Finally,test the configuration by deploying the pod having the image tag as latest.

Create a PSP that will prevent the creation ofprivileged pods in the namespace. Create a new PodSecurityPolicy named prevent-privileged-policy which prevents the creation of privileged pods. Create a new ServiceAccount named psp-sa in the namespace default. Create a new ClusterRole namedprevent-role, which uses the newly created Pod Security Policy prevent-privileged-policy. Create a new ClusterRoleBinding named prevent-role-binding, which binds the created ClusterRole prevent-role to the created SA psp-sa. Also, Check the Configuration is working or not by trying to Create a Privileged pod, it should get failed.

Enable audit logs in the cluster, To Do so, enable the log backend, and ensure that1. logs are stored at /var/log/kubernetes/kubernetes-logs.txt.2. Log files are retainedfor5 days.3. at maximum, a number of 10 old audit logs files are retained.Edit and extend the basic policy to log:1. Cronjobs changes at RequestResponse2. Log the request body of deployments changesinthenamespacekube-system.3. Log all other resourcesincoreandextensions at the Request level.4. Don't log watch requests by the "system:kube-proxy" on endpoints or

Create a new NetworkPolicy named deny-all in the namespace testing which denies all traffic of type ingress and egress traffic

Use the kubesec docker images to scan the given YAML manifest, edit and apply the advised changes, and passed with a score of 4 points. kubesec-test.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: kubesec-demo spec: containers: - name: kubesec-demo image: gcr.io/google-samples/node-hello:1.0 securityContext: readOnlyRootFilesystem:true Hint: docker run -i kubesec/kubesec:512c5e0 scan /dev/stdin <kubesec-test.yaml

You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command: [desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context qa Context: A pod fails to run because of an incorrectly specified ServiceAccount Task: Create a new service account named backend-qa in an existing namespace qa, which must not have access to any secret. Edit the frontend pod yaml to use backend-qa service account Note: You can find the frontend pod yaml at /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yaml

You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command: [desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context test-account Task: Enable audit logs in the cluster. To do so, enable the log backend, and ensure that: 1. logs are stored at /var/log/Kubernetes/logs.txt 2. log files are retained for 5 days 3. at maximum, a number of 10 old audit log files are retained A basic policy is provided at /etc/Kubernetes/logpolicy/audit-policy.yaml. It only specifies what not to log. Note: The base policy is located on the cluster's master node. Edit and extend the basic policy to log: 1. Nodes changes at RequestResponse level 2. The request body of persistentvolumes changes in the namespace frontend 3. ConfigMap and Secret changes in all namespaces at the Metadata level Also, add a catch-all rule to log all other requests at the Metadata level Note: Don't forget to apply the modified policy.

Analyze and edit the given Dockerfile FROM ubuntu:latest RUN apt-getupdate -y RUN apt-install nginx -y COPY entrypoint.sh / ENTRYPOINT ["/entrypoint.sh"] USER ROOT Fixing two instructions present in the file being prominent security bestpractice issues Analyze and edit the deployment manifest file apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: security-context-demo-2 spec: securityContext: runAsUser: 1000 containers: - name: sec-ctx-demo-2 image:gcr.io/google-samples/node-hello:1.0 securityContext: runAsUser: 0 privileged:True allowPrivilegeEscalation:false Fixing two fields present in the file being prominent security best practice issues Don't add or remove configurationsettings; only modify the existing configuration settings Whenever you need an unprivileged user for any of the tasks, use user test-user with the user id 5487

Cluster: qa-cluster Master node: master Worker node: worker1 You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command: [desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context qa-cluster Task: Create a NetworkPolicy named restricted-policy to restrict access to Pod product running in namespace dev. Only allow the following Pods to connect to Pod products-service: 1. Pods in the namespace qa 2. Pods with label environment: stage, in any namespace

Service is running on port 389 inside the system, find the process-id of the process, and stores the names of all the open-files inside the /candidate/KH77539/files.txt, and alsodelete thebinary.